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> From: Sharon & Jim LeBlanc <[log in to unmask]>
> To: [log in to unmask]
> Subject: The Problem - Ferrochelatase
> Date: Sunday, January 09, 2000 4:26 PM
>
> PMID 10582332 Ferrochelatase catalyzes the insertion of ferrous iron into
> protoporphyrin IX  during the synthesis of heme. It has a 2Fe-2S cluster.
> Tellurium is a sulphur-like metal that can take the place of sulphur.
> PMID 7306205 Tellurite, Tellurium that can bind with N-Methyl and is
> mutagenic and causes haemolysis.
> Dictionary: Haemolysis is the release of haemoglobin which is a four
> subunit globular oxygen carrying protein that form chains. The haem or
heme
> moiety is an iron porphyrin. Hemosiderin or ferritin or ferric iron or
Fe3+
> is an iron-rich pigment that is a product of red cell hemolysis or
> haemolysis. Tellurite causes haemolysis and the release of O2 and Fe3+.
> PMID 7616255 Iron sites in the human neuromelanin are similiar to those
of
> hemosiderin (or ferritin) Fe3+.
> PMID 8781534 In the presence of O2 (released by tellurite) dopamine
reacts
> spontaneously to form melanine and melanin. Dopamine reacts with iron III
> Fe3+ (released by tellurite) yielding and intermediate 1:1 complex,
> [?(2Fe-2S)] ,which decomposes releasing Fe (II) or Fe2+, and the
> semiquinone. This author puts forth an explaination of Manganenese
> toxicity.
> PMID 10383398 Only reduced iron is functional in generating heme. Iron
> cannot be preloaded in the mitochondrial matrix but rather has to be
> transported across the inner membrane simultaneously with the synthesis
of
> heme, suggesting that ferrochelatase receives iron directly from the
inner
> membrane. Transport of iron is inhibited by manganese.
> PMID 3442391 Manganese inhibition of ferrochelatase. [Manganese Toxicity
> gives you Parkinsons-like Disease].
> PMID 3931555 The NAD(P)H-oxidizing system reduces ferric ion to ferrous
> ion. This ferrous ion is then utilized for heme synthesis by
> ferrochelatase. [NADPH is the part of mitochondrial respiration where a
> mutation will give you Parkinsons disease.
> It is part of Complex I. Tellurium inhibits Complex I and Complex II.
> Without NADPH, ferric iron cannot become ferrous iron. If Fe3+ cannot
> become Fe2+, then ferrochelatase can't work. Parkinsons Disease.]
> PMID 516000 Complex I is the first step in the electron transport chain
of
> mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and is located within the
> mitochondrial inner membrane. It accepts electrons from NADH and
transfers
> them, through a series of electron carriers to ubiquinone or (Coenzyme
> Q10). The internal electron carriers of complex I include flavin
> mononucleotide (FMN) and 6 iron-sulfur clusters. (Tellurium could take
the
> part of the sulphur of these six iron-sulfur clusters. Tellurium is used
to
> bind metals.)
> PMID 9430979 Dopamine and iron form strong oxidizing complexes and induce
> lipid peroxidation. Neuronal cells are destroyed by this lipid
> peroxidation.
> PMID 1540619 Melanins are able to inhibit lipid peroxidation.[Not change
> Fe3+ to Fe2+]
> PMID 2022700 An iron chelate ferric salicylaldehyde isonicotinoyl
hydrazone
> maybe could help.
> The University of Rochester Environmental Health Sciences is studying
> Tellurium, but I didn't see anything on Parkinsons Disease.
> PMID 8869917 Tellurium and Alzheimers Disease.
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>
>