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Thank you very much for summarizing this symposium in San Francisco. Fetal transplant surgery, although present for at least 10 years, does not give the immediate and long term results one observes with STN stimulation. We have to accept that the only fruitful treatment for patients with advanced PD is STN stimulation until a new treatment strategy may develop over the next years or decennia. We can talk on this network about medication changes for patients with motor fluctuations and dyskinesias at lenght , but these are short term relief efforts without much long-term hope. As I have stated many times before there is no place for pallidotomies anymore. Therefore, especially in the United States patient groups should pressure the FDA to approve STN. STN has been approved in Europe for many years, where patients with STN now lead enjoyable non-invalidating lifes. The current STN surgery, which is now performed in small numbers in the USA is not correct either, because the electrodes used in the brain are the ones used for pallidal stimulation and these are almost twice as big than those used for STN stimulation used in Europe. The FDA has not approved the smaller STN electrodes. Thus probably three out of four electrode contacts are not situated in the STN in patients who has STN surgery in the USA!!! Greetings from Belgium, Chris van der Linden, M.D.