Just the fact that PD is a movement disorder, ie abnormal functioning of the muscles of the body, should make one realize that the heart, an organ that pumps our blood and therefore is a muscle operated pump could/would be effected by this disease. It seemed logical even to this science challenged fine arts major that PD involves the heart. I agree, Murray, each discovery may link to the "puzzle" of why, how Parkinson's occurs. How exciting to weekly read of more research in the neurological/brain disorder field!!!!! Jeanette Fuhr 49/47/44? Murray Charters said in part: Thankyou Hans for the Full Text. It is very interesting. The TV version on last nights World Report alarmed my children and some friends which prompts my response... Don't be "disheartened" (pun intended)... "Our results suggest that only Parkinson disease, not multiple-system atrophy, is associated with loss of sympathetic terminal innervation. This possible etiopathologic distinction might prove clinically useful in the differential diagnosis of these conditions." That's the bottom line here... Our hearts haven't been affected by this News. They are physically the same as yesterday. The progression of our PD hasn't changed one iota. What is changed then? We have a little more knowledge. That's all. Just one more small step towards solving the "Parkinson Puzzle". Cheers ......... murray [log in to unmask]