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In a message dated 7/17/01 5:25:44 PM, [log in to unmask] writes: << he was saying that Mirapex, which is an agonist, may also have neuroprotective value. >> Thanks, Paul, for saying it much more clearly than I did. However, I might have underscored "MAY." See the following for a technical but short report on GM 1: Antiganglioside GM1 Antibodies In Neurological Diseases Lucia Crescibene, Loredana Bastone, Angelo Bagalà, Irene Dora Napoli, Tiziana Ferraro, Manuela Caracciolo, Giuseppe Nicoletti CNR-IMSEB, C.da Burga,Piano Lago, 87050 Mangone (CS)-Italy Gangliosides are sialic acid-containing glycosphingolipids ubiquitously present in the plasma membrane of vertebrate cells. Several studies have suggested the involvement of gangliosides in various functional activities at the cell surface, such as cell-cell and cell-surface recognition processes. Recent reports suggest that the gangliosides play an important role in protein trafficking and transmembrane signaling. Nervous tissue is enriched with gangliosides, and in most species their synthesis and expression are developmentally regulated. The monosialoganglioside GM1, in particular, has been implicated in neuronal development and differentiation. In the present work we examined the titre of anti-GM1 ganglioside in patients with some neurological diseases like Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), Multiple Sclerosis (MS) . We therefore compared serum Ig M antimonoasialo -ganglioside GM1 levels of 26 AD patients (14 females ,12 males), 147 PD patients (82 males , 65 females), 124 MS patients (70 females,54 males) and 186 normal control subjects (111 males and 75 females). Antiganglioside antibodies GM1 were measured using an enzyme immuno sorbent assay (ELISA) technique, highly purified bovine GM1 ganglioside, and sequential dilution of control sera. Antibody titre was calculated using optical density readings of serum dilution. We found significant levels of IgM anti GM1 gangliosides in 11/26 AD patients (42.3%), 40/147 PD patients (27.2%) and in 56/124 MS patients (45.2%), while we found high titre of IgM anti GM1 gangliosides in 5/186 (2.7%) (P Source: http://hgm2001.hgu.mrc.ac.uk/Abstracts/Publish/WorkshopsPoster/WorkshopPoster1 0/hgm0332.htm GM 1 seems to get a lot of attention in stroke intervention. This is good because it brings research money from more than one pocket. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- To sign-off Parkinsn send a message to: mailto:[log in to unmask] In the body of the message put: signoff parkinsn