Hi! Janet: I agree with your satement: " ..... i say 'our research' deliberately; the work being done contributes to the body of human knowledge which is communal imho, attempts to apply the concepts of capitalism and exclusive ownership to it are misguided and doomed to failure knowledge is us!" However, capitalism appears to be the driving force in most of the scientific advances especially with reference to clinical and therapeutic aspects of it. For example, I am sitting on a discovery which was funded to the extent of $ 2 million by capitalism. A considerable fraction of the money was spent on protecting the interest of the investors by way of patent applications and lawyer's fees. I cannot publish the data yet in order to protect their interests! Without the investor's gamble my research would not have progressed to where it is now. Most of my efforts would have been a failure, since my findings are so revlutionary and I would not have the resources even to atempt to prove my concept due to the scientific etsablishment. Right now, I need around $ 5-10 Million to take my project to the next step. One cannot even imagine toget that kind of a grant from any public sources. I know it is frustrating. But, it appears to be a necessary evil. Raj [log in to unmask] PS: Don't forget Canadian Dollar used to be eqivalent to $ 1.13 of US Dollar in the early 1970s! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- To sign-off Parkinsn send a message to: mailto:[log in to unmask] In the body of the message put: signoff parkinsn