Dear Jim--
You certainly have a better knowledge of the kinds of activities
going on in this area than I do. The significant fact, which I didn't
recall from my reading of the records, is that there are a number of
prominent people organizing this thing. That would suggest something
larger than a spring festival organized by young people. I did wonder,
however, whether this may be somethig like the festival at Shropshire
where they built some kind of structures in the field outside town for a
feast. I look forward to seeing the records you have collected.
But the "Bower" reference remains a problem. You suggest that
this might be some local appropriation of a saint (St. John in this case),
but that still doesn't explain why he is St. John of Bower. There isn't
any such place, is there?
Larry
On Wed, 11 Feb 2004, James Stokes wrote:
> Hi Larry,
>
> Thanks for the interesting and helpful information about faux saints.
> It's a phenomenon new to me, so I'll need to get the book and learn
> more.
>
> When I first encountered the record (in Stan's book and in the Grimsby
> archives), I had a similar thought--that the bower must refer to a
> seasonal game with a Summer or similar lord.
> Nineteenth century antiquarians claim, with absolutely no documentary
> evidence, that early Grimsby staged Robin Hood games and lots else in
> the churchyard. In Somerset I had found Robin Hood and May bowers
> everywhere--from Yeovil to Wells, and so have many people in other parts
> of the country, of course. The bowers in Somerset were purpose built
> little structures used in the games; and the word also suggests a haven
> or refuge or shelter. Since I haven't had time yet to learn more about
> faux saints, I don't quite know what the French were doing. But
> something comes to mind. I've encountered many cases of local folk
> appropriating a saint as their own. In Wells, for example, St Andrew
> (patron saint of Wells Cathedral) is often referred to in the records as
> St Andrew of Wells. Not faux exactly, but faux-ish in that it afixes
> elements of local mythology to him. I could see the folk at Grimsby
> referring to St John as St John of the Bower (but that's pure
> speculation). Anyway, perhaps you are right.
>
> However, a couple of issues continue to bother me.
>
> While the principal festive and fund-raising entertainments in Somerset
> parishes tended to be the seasonal kinds of games (lords, ladies, etc.,
> ridings, mock battles, etc.), the situation in Lincolnshire was
> different in that all the evidence that we have indicates that their
> fund-raisers were large religious plays, as at Donington, Lincoln, and
> elsewhere. Lincolnshire towns had big, wealthy religious guilds, a
> different kind of landscape, and a social environment history that more
> resembled East Anglia. What I find in parish and guild records in
> Lincolnshire is not summer lords but Ascension plays, for example, or
> biblical plays. I wonder, would the second oldest chartered borough in
> the county have had only a Summer Lord game as its parish play? Would
> it have traveled to other towns to promote that? I don't know. Maybe
> so.
>
> (I must stress agreement that Lincolnshire certainly had traditions of
> such Summer Lords, wakes,ales, et al, from the time of Robert
> Grosseteste all the way to the seventeenth century and beyond; it's just
> that they don't show up in records as "the" parish play).
>
> Also, would the mayor of Grimsby have found it necessary to appoint six
> of the most important merchants and burgesses of the town (four of them
> former mayors) to oversee preparations for a summer lord? I don't know,
> but maybe so.
>
> Also, in the year of the entry (1527), Lincolnshire towns were filled
> with extremely pious religious guilds then mounting the most elaborate
> Corpus Christi processions, plays, music, worship, etc. Royals, their
> minions, and their players were strongly present. There might have been
> a spirit of drollerie and a faux saint in Grimsby, but, I don't know and
> I've found no other evidence of it.
>
> At the moment: I'm thinking that the entry might possibly refer to St
> John Baptist somehow appropriated by the locals and connected in its
> symbolism with the ruling oligarchy and the sea-going life of the town.
>
> Thanks again Larry, and others
>
>
> Abby: I'm putting a photocopy of the doc. in the mail.
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: REED-L: Records of Early English Drama Discussion
> [mailto:[log in to unmask]] On Behalf Of nm
> Sent: Tuesday, February 10, 2004 1:12 PM
> To: [log in to unmask]
> Subject: Re: a query
>
>
> Jim--
>
> Sorry to get in on this so late. I don't think this is a real
> saint. The Bower is the tip-off. I suggested in my book that this is a
> summer lord of some kind and that the bower refers to the structure that
> summer lords and ladies used to hold their court. He's a faux saint.
> There's a wonderful recent book by my colleague Jacques Merceron
> about French faux saints. Don't have the title at hand, but it can be
> easily accessed through his name (title begins, I think, Dictionnaire).
> The French seem cleverer at this sort of drollerie than the English as
> best I can tell.
>
> Larry
>
> On Wed, 28 Jan 2004, James Stokes wrote:
>
> > Is anyone on the list able to shed light on the name Holy John of
> > Bower, which appears in the records of Grimsby, Lincolnshire? Is it
> > likely to refer to John the Baptist, or is there another saint of that
>
> > particular name who has eluded my best efforts to identify him? Many,
> > many thanks for any light cast into this resistant little darkness.
> > Jim Stokes
> >
>
>
>
