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Arthur, I knew you would get the facts.  Thank you!  Ray
----- Original Message -----
From: "Arthur Hirsch" <[log in to unmask]>
To: <[log in to unmask]>
Sent: Wednesday, October 04, 2006 9:37 AM
Subject: Re: Old Enough to Remember; Young Enough to Learn


> From the Encyclopaedia Britannica, I learn that Frederick Chapman
> Roberts, Thomas H. Weller, and John Franklin Enders did some key work
> in the development of the polio vaccine, for which they received the
> Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1954.  They used human
> embryonic skin and muscle cells.
>
> See:
> http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9063856/Frederick-Chapman-Robbins
>
> ...but it appears that the actual vaccine was made using monkey kidney
> cells.
>
> So I guess it is fair to conclude that it was work with embryonic
> cells that led to the development of the polio vaccine, even if
> embryonic cells are not used in the process of manufacturing the
> vaccine today.  And if I understand Bush's rules, that research can
> not be done with U.S. Government funding today.
>
> The trick was to keep the viruses alive by keeping then in a living
> medium - so no, Maryse, they could not use dead cells.
>
> Art
>
>
> At 02:21 AM 10/3/2006, Maryse wrote:
>> >  not the
>> > cells of a dead fetus.
>>
>>
>>can they use dead cells? I thought they had to be live ones but am not
>>sure
>>Maryse
>
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