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Stem cell surgery, in which stem cells are placed inside the brain in order to 
replace lost cells, is claimed to be necessary for Parkinson's Disease because 
it is assumed that there is massive loss of the dopaminergic neurons (the 
cells involved in Parkinson's Disease). However, the theoretical basis of stem 
cell surgery in Parkinson's Disease is based on a fallacy, because no studies 
have ever shown that there is a massive loss of the dopaminergic neurons in 
Parkinson's Disease. Parkinson's Disease results from the reduced activity of 
the existing cells. It is inevitable that any new cells will eventually 
function at the same insufficient rate as the existing cells, because their 
biochemical environment would be identical.

When stem cell surgery underwent formal clinical trials there was found to be 
little or no effect [1] [2] [3]. In a later study, a patient who underwent 
adult neural stem cell transplantation appeared to significantly reduce their 
symptoms, but after five years they had symptoms that were worse than when they 
started, and were deteriorating rapidly [4]. In a subsequent study, involving 
the use of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells, there was also little 
or no effect [5]. Transplanted cells eventually cease to function normally 
anyway, and still develop changes that are characteristic of Parkinson's 
Disease [6] [7], confirming that Parkinson's Disease is a biochemical state 
that can affect any cells - both those that were already there, and those that 
are placed there.

http://www.viartis.net/parkinsons.disease/news.htm

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