hi mary....there is lots of evidence that PD can occur sporadically (i.e., non-genetic factors) from persticide exposure, etc. familial (i.e., which runs in the family) is the other form of PD....since there is no history of it, it sounds like sporadic. there have been several recent studies coming out of canada re: pesticide exposure and the onset of PD. i am currently investigating how pesticide exposure is related to other neurological disorders, like Alzheimer's disease...... good luck! ric ferraro psychology dept.-box 8380 univ north dakota grand forks, nd 58202-8380