Hi Folks, INTRODUCTION My name is Hans van Zyl and I am interested in mammary cell physiology (with special reference to farm animals). My interest in Parkinsonism originated when my mother was diagnosed in 1987. I have a friend currently sufferring from PD. I find the discussion group very interesting and helpfull, e.g. 7:1 C-H:protein - first (for me!) info on this. Question 1 My friend (56) was PD-diagnosed in 1990. Shortly after his initial diagnosis, he underwent surgery for a ventricular anuerism, followed by surgery for prolapse of a spinal disc. He made a remarkable recovery with regard to both his heart and back. At this stage, though, he and his doctor find it increasingly difficult to separate symptoms associated with PD from symptoms associated with congestive heart failure (tiredness), or those associated with his back (pain in the lower extremities). According to his wife he is increasedly plagued by a burning sensation on the soles of his feet, as well as pain in the leg muscles from the groin area to below the knee. Is this a "normal" PD symtom? His current medication for PD is Sinemet 25/250, four times/day. Question 2 Scanning the literature published on PD on a monthly basis, I encountered an interesting article in Science during 1993 (published May 1992) regarding the administration of GM1-Ganglioside to primates with artificially induced PD. I searched the PARKINSN Listserver for any previous discussion on this subject but could not find any. The article is: J.S. Schneider, A. Pope, K. Simpson, J. Taggart, M.G. Smith, and L. DiStefano, 1992. Recovery from Experimental Parkinsonism in Primates with GM1 Ganglioside Treatment, Science,Wash. DC 256:843-846. I think that GM1-Ganglioside may fall in the same category as the neuro-protective agents mentioned by Bill Moore in "Brain Imaging Offers Early Diagnosis, etc of PD" dated Sun, 15 May 94. I'd love to get other views on this as the ganglioside was shown to have neurotropic effects on a damaged dopamine system in rodents, thus potentially being able to reverse some of the damage caused by PD. In the study by Schneider, et al., results substantiated this and it is concluded that GM1- Ganglioside may hold promise as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of PD. Has anyone seen anything published on GM1-Ganglioside since? Kind regards, Hans ===================================================================== Hans van Zyl | Cell Physiology Group | [log in to unmask] Irene Animal Production Institute | Tel: (27) 12 672 9261 Private Bag X2 | Fax: (27) 12 665 1604 IRENE 1675, South Africa | =====================================================================