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In reading some 16th cent. descriptions of performances in Florence, I have come across two expressions that I have not been able to understand or translate into English. Perhaps someone on the list has some suggestions on the two following expressions? 1. the Grand Dukes attend a performance in an Oratory and the scribe recalls that the G-D couple, with their children, attended the performance, which lasted three hours, and "stettero su le seggiole senza Residenza" -- I'm intrigued by what the "senza Residenza" might be. 2. in a description of the sumptuous costumes worn by the actors in a play, the scribe says that "among others, an admirable, rich, splendid and noble costume was the one worn by Giovan Battista del Rosso, who was, like all the others, "in universale", since the older youths dressed in long gowns of purple velvet and other colours." -- I wonder what the "in universale" could be. Thank you for all and any help. Konrad Eisenbichler <[log in to unmask]>