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the eye does not see what the mind does not know ... was quoted recently. The nit-picker .. or the payer of attention to details .. or the general semanticist .. within my mind .. in my brain .. seeks to sort the best meaning of these words. There seems to be one meaning .. one will not find what one has no prior cognizance of knowing, or perhaps .. if one is not cognitively seeking, one cannot find. However, there are many neural processes in imaging in our mind .. which is the process of seeing .. which starts, perhaps, when one starts to look. I entered all this elaboration as an entry to writing about the <blue glasses> (id est, blue lenses or filters). Tom Reiss has contributed much to this discussion subject. I claim no expertise axcept wide interest in learning, but will add my two cents worth. Last year in the summer I attended a lecture given by a young PhD research professor teaching at Caltech and researching the physics-physiology-functioning of the brain. The work is quite basic or fundamental and I doubt that I remember one tenth of what the young an of German extraction said (nor his name), but the measurements of electrical pulses, loci in the brain of these, asssociation of eye movements, attention shifting of the erson being monitored, synchronization of the pulses and their frequency, et cetera were analyzed to attempt defining the process of cognition and focusing our gaze or attention along with hearing voices, smelling odors, et cetera that are involved in looking around and recognizing a friend or pretty girl or ?? that catches one's eye or ear. Suffice to say, cognition is complex and involves many millions of neral circuits with probably several classes of memory ... from zero time perception to short term and long term. The results he went on to demonstrate via a simple audience experiment <may> pertain to the peripheral optical sensitivity mentioned by Tom Reiss and Alan Bonander and perhaps others. The experiment did not involve peripheral perception, per se, however he did state that motion is a primary signal generator from peripheral retinal sensors. The flashing of several slides comprised the experiment. There were several with one having two shapes or letters where all but one might have the same color .. or the same shape but random orientation and location on an otherwise blank screen. One is able to perceive very rapidly where the odd one is. When there are two or three, some get the correct answer, but when perceiving and counting happen, the process needs much longer input. Finding different color spots is most rapid for most. Finding three or four L shapes randomly oriented amongst many randomly oriented V shapes all black or one color was very slow comparatively. Perhaps this information will stimulate some further attempt to investigate the optical filtering of blue wavelengths via blue colored filters; help some in showing how there may be optical effects that may be magnified by PD neurotransmitters deficit or dopamine excess from l-dopa (in the optical nerves or the optic signals information channels in various parts of the brain or ?), or stimulate some attempt to point out the flaws in my perception, memory, or review of what I think I learned from that lecture and all that is resident in my head. Maybe Matthew Beckwith will find some fun and challenge with my long winded typing. TTFN Ron <[log in to unmask]> Ronald F. Vetter