?find ondansetron S2 863 ONDANSETRON ?find s2 and parkinson 863 S2 10924 PARKINSON S3 4 S2 AND PARKINSON ?type s3/l/all 3/L/1 DIALOG(R)File 154:MEDLINE(R) (c) format only 1995 Knight-Ridder Info. All rts. reserv. 09246970 95176970 Parkinson's disease: drug-induced psychiatric states. Factor SA; Molho ES; Podskalny GD; Brown D Albany Medical College, Department of Neurology, New York 12208. Adv Neurol (UNITED STATES) 1995, 65 p115-38, ISSN 0091-3952 Journal Code: 2NX Languages: ENGLISH Document type: JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW, ACADEMIC JOURNAL ANNOUNCEMENT: 9506 Subfile: INDEX MEDICUS Drug-induced psychiatric states occur frequently in PD. In the prelevodopa era, depression and other psychiatric disorders were described in PD, but in untreated patients psychosis was rare. Since the development of levodopa and other pharmacological treatments for PD, however, psychotic symptoms have become much more common (10-50%). In some individuals these problems can be more disabling than the motor features of PD and, as a result, pose a serious threat to the patient's ability to maintain independence. The drug-induced psychoses consist of several distinct psychiatric syndromes that can be divided broadly into those occurring on a background of a clear sensorium and those which are accompanied by confusion and clouding of consciousness. Benign organic hallucinosis is the most common of these syndromes (30%). It usually occurs on a background of a clear sensorium and may not be a particularly troublesome problem if the patient is able to retain insight into the nature of these symptoms. More disabling syndromes usually include delusional thinking that is frequently paranoid, confusion and even frank delirium. Although all these psychotic syndromes can occur in isolation, there is a tendency for mild symptoms to progress to more disabling ones if adequate and timely treatment is not instituted. Abnormal dreaming and sleep disruption often precede these difficulties by weeks to months and may provide an important early clue to their onset. The mechanisms responsible for drug-induced psychotic symptoms in PD are unknown, but dopaminergic (especially mesolimbic) and serotoninergic systems are likely to be involved. The treatment of the drug-induced psychoses in PD should be undertaken in a stepwise manner. A detailed discussion of this approach, including the use of anti-PD medication adjustment, clozapine, and other medications (neuroleptic and nonneuroleptic) and ECT is provided (see Fig. 1). Although drug-induced psychoses are the most important of the drug-induced psychiatric states, mania, anxiety, and hypersexuality may also occur. Depression is also common in PD, but it is unlikely to occur as a side effect of antiparkinsonian medications. (150 Refs.) Tags: Case Report; Human; Male; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Descriptors: *Levodopa--Adverse Effects--AE; *Parkinson Disease--Drug Therapy--DT; *Psychoses, Substance-Induced--Etiology--ET; Aged; Anxiety --Etiology--ET; Clozapine--Adverse Effects--AE; Clozapine--Therapeutic Use --TU; Depression--Etiology--ET; Electroconvulsive Therapy; Lisuride --Analogs and Derivatives--AA; Manic Disorder--Etiology--ET; Ondansetron --Therapeutic Use--TU; Parkinson Disease--Complications--CO; Parkinson Disease--Psychology--PX; Psychoses, Substance-Induced--Psychology--PX; Psychoses, Substance-Induced--Therapy--TH; Psychosexual Dysfunctions --Etiology--ET CAS Registry No.: 0 (Levodopa); 18016-80-3 (Lisuride); 37686-84-3 (dironyl); 5786-21-0 (Clozapine); 99614-02-5 (Ondansetron) 3/L/2 DIALOG(R)File 154:MEDLINE(R) (c) format only 1995 Knight-Ridder Info. All rts. reserv. 09138828 95068828 [Ondansetron versus droperidol. Postoperative treatment against nausea and vomiting. Comparison of action, adverse effects and acceptance by gynecologic inpatients] Ondansetron versus Droperidol. Postoperativer therapeutischer Einsatz bei Nausea und Erbrechen. Vergleich von Wirkung, Nebenwirkungen und Akzeptanz bei gynakologischen, stationaren Patientinnen. Heim C; Munzer T; Listyo R Institut fur Anasthesiologie, Kantonsspital St. Gallen. Anaesthesist (GERMANY) Aug 1994, 43 (8) p504-9, ISSN 0003-2417 Journal Code: 4MY Languages: GERMAN Summary Languages: ENGLISH Document type: CLINICAL TRIAL; JOURNAL ARTICLE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL English Abstract JOURNAL ANNOUNCEMENT: 9502 Subfile: INDEX MEDICUS INTRODUCTION. Ondansetron is more effective than a placebo in treating postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), but it has not been proved to be superior to established antiemetics for prophylaxis or therapy. We compared ondansetron vs droperidol for the treatment of PONV. METHODS. Our prospective, randomized double-blind study was performed between 15 October 1992 and July 1993; it included 271 gynaecological ASA I-III inpatients who had been operated on under general anaesthesia with intubation. Patients were excluded if: there was no informed consent; it was an ambulatory or emergency operation; the patient was pregnant or breast feeding; allergies were being treated with antihistamines; drug addiction was present or convulsions or Parkinson's disease; any pre- or intraoperative antiemetic medication had been administered. All patients wishing an antiemetic and/or suffering from at least one emetic episode during the first 24 h postoperatively received either 8 mg ondansetron or 1.25 mg droperidol from identical 4 ml ampoules intravenously. The verbal nausea score (1 = none, 2 = mild, 3 = moderate, 4 = severe) was recorded every 30 min for 4 h, then before and 2 h after each antiemetic dose. All emetic episodes and the interval between administration and effect were also noted. Patients were interviewed 36-48 h postoperatively on subjective effects, side-effects and individual acceptance. After oral premedication with diazepam, anaesthesia was induced with thiopental, in a few cases with etomidate or propofol. Relaxation was achieved with pancuronium or atracurium and, when indicated, with succinylcholine. Muscular relaxation was antagonized with neostigmine and glycopyrrolate. Gastric content was aspirated once after intubation. Anaesthesia was maintained with nitrous oxide/oxygen, enflurane, halothane or isoflurane and fentanyl up to 0.3 mg. Statistical evaluation was performed by the unpaired Student's t-test and the Mann-Whitney U test. Categoric variables were examined by the chi 2 test. Significance was defined as P < 0.05. RESULTS. Of 271 patients, 100 (37%) experienced PONV. The groups were statistically comparable with respect to demographic data, type and duration of operation, emesis record, perioperative uterotonic medication. Twenty patients in the ondansetron group and 27 in the droperidol group received the first antiemetic within 2 h, the other patients up to 17 h after extubation. Nausea scores and emetic episodes were identical before antiemetic medication. The reduction of these parameters after medication was similar. Complete response over 6 h was 60% in the ondansetron and 68% in the droperidol group. In both groups the first medication failed in 4 cases during the initial 2 h. Twenty of the ondansetron and 16 of the droperidol patients needed a second dose; among these 2 and 4, respectively, a third ampoule. No rescue medication was necessary over 24 h and a mean of 1.4 ampoules was administered in both groups. Onset and quality of emetic action were identical in both groups. It was not possible to evaluate 25 interviews due to linguistic or amnestic problems. Multiple side-effects were noted frequently. Injection pain was reported significantly more often in the droperidol, pruritus in the ondansetron group. Ninety-three percent of the ondansetron and 85% of the droperidol patients opted for the same drug for future PONV treatment. CONCLUSIONS. Ondansetron (8 mg) and droperidol (1.25 mg) proved to be equally effective when used as a postoperative antiemetic. Both drugs showed similar side-effects. Due to differences in methods it was difficult to compare our results to those obtained in other studies. Tags: Comparative Study; Female; Human Descriptors: *Droperidol--Therapeutic Use--TU; *Nausea--Drug Therapy--DT; *Ondansetron--Therapeutic Use--TU; *Postoperative Complications --Drug Therapy--DT; *Vomiting--Drug Therapy--DT; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Double-Blind Method; Droperidol--Adverse Effects--AE; Genitalia, Female --Surgery--SU; Middle Age; Ondansetron--Adverse Effects--AE; Patient Acceptance of Health Care; Prospective Studies CAS Registry No.: 548-73-2 (Droperidol); 99614-02-5 (Ondansetron) 3/L/3 DIALOG(R)File 154:MEDLINE(R) (c) format only 1995 Knight-Ridder Info. All rts. reserv. 08759588 94074588 Reduced levels of 5-HT3 receptor recognition sites in the putamen of patients with Huntington's disease. Steward LJ; Bufton KE; Hopkins PC; Davies WE; Barnes NM Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK. Eur J Pharmacol (NETHERLANDS) Sep 28 1993, 242 (2) p137-43, ISSN 0014-2999 Journal Code: EN6 Languages: ENGLISH Document type: JOURNAL ARTICLE JOURNAL ANNOUNCEMENT: 9403 Subfile: INDEX MEDICUS The present study assessed 5-HT3 receptor recognition site levels in homogenates of putamen derived from patients with clinically and neurochemically diagnosed Huntington's disease or Parkinson's disease and those from age-, sex- and post-mortem delay-matched neurologically and psychiatrically normal patients to investigate the cellular location of 5-HT3 receptors in the human putamen. Specific [3H]granisetron (0.91 nM) binding (defined by ondansetron, 10 microM) was significantly reduced in putamen homogenates from eight out of ten patients with Huntington's disease compared to similar homogenates from 'control' patients (72 +/- 6 and 39 +/- 8 fmol/g wet weight, mean +/- S.E.M., n = 10 and 8, tissue from 'control' and Huntington's disease patients, respectively, P = 0.004). In contrast, specific [3H]granisetron (1.04 nM) binding levels were similar in putamen homogenates from patients with Parkinson's disease when compared to homogenates from 'control' patients. The present results indicate that at least a proportion of the 5-HT3 receptor population in the human putamen is located on neurones that have their cell bodies within this brain region and that these receptors are not primarily located on dopamine neurone terminals in the human putamen. Tags: Comparative Study; Female; Human; Male Descriptors: *Dopamine--Metabolism--ME; *Huntington's Disease--Metabolism --ME; *Neurons--Metabolism--ME; *Parkinson Disease--Metabolism--ME; *Putamen--Metabolism--ME; *Receptors, Serotonin--Metabolism--ME; Reference Values CAS Registry No.: 0 (Receptors, Serotonin); 51-61-6 (Dopamine) 3/L/4 DIALOG(R)File 154:MEDLINE(R) (c) format only 1995 Knight-Ridder Info. All rts. reserv. 08462842 93172842 Ondansetron for hallucinosis in advanced Parkinson's disease [letter] Zoldan J; Friedberg G; Goldberg-Stern H; Melamed E Lancet (ENGLAND) Feb 27 1993, 341 (8844) p562-3, ISSN 0140-6736 Journal Code: L0S Languages: ENGLISH Document type: CLINICAL TRIAL; LETTER JOURNAL ANNOUNCEMENT: 9305 Subfile: AIM; INDEX MEDICUS Tags: Female; Human; Male Descriptors: *Hallucinations--Drug Therapy--DT; *Ondansetron--Therapeutic Use--TU; *Parkinson Disease--Psychology--PX; Aged; Hallucinations--Etiology --ET; Middle Age CAS Registry No.: 99614-02-5 (Ondansetron)