This is from 2 years experience caring for a PSP patient, which is similiar to end stage PD: Difficult swallowing now is related to being "off" meds. We get 12+ hours of a frozen sleeply state. AVOID CAUSES: Being "off" meds, lack of mouth exercise * c/l-dopa dose spaced no farther than 4-6 hours apart * Chew gum often * Do Silverman-type voice exercise: = say "ah-h" loud and long = low to hi sounds: "eh-e-ei-eii" = common phrases: "Good morning"... SOFT FOODS: * Most recommend crushing pills in apple sauce Often that's drooly. * BANANAS seem better at her stage to stimulate mouth to chew and swallow pills. BRUTE FORCE: * Sometimes, after she's had a long rest (12 hours), I can manually open her mouth with my hands. Somtimes I pry it open with a flat plastic comb handle or tablespoon. Push them in flat, turn, and pull out. Then, by experience, banana or grapes work best to stimulate chewing. Once she swallows I get a few pill in and more fruit. * If she stops chewing and swallowing, I pry the mouth open with a tablespoon and scoop out the pills to give later. She goes back to bed. * Interestingly, she will urinate on the commode and follow verbal commands to move limbs while in a non-swallowing half-frozen state. 0===================================================================0 | @..@ A.J. CONOVALOFF | | (----) PSP Support Groups of ARIZONA __o | | ( >__< ) `\<, | | ^^ ~~ ^^ [log in to unmask] . . (*)/`(*) | 0===================================================================0