Stages of PD: There are several "scales" used toevaluate the degree of impairment. One which may be useful is the Independence Assessment Scale of Schwab and England: 100% Completely independent, able to do all chores without slowness, difficulty,& impairment. Essentially normal, not aware of any difficulty. 90% Completely independent, able to do all chores with some degree of slowness , difficulty & impairment. Might take twice as long. Conscious of slowness & difficulty. 80% Completely independent inmost chores, takes twice as long. Conscious of difficulty and slowness. 70% Not completely independent, more difficulty with some chores, 3 or 4 times as long in some, must spend large part of day with chores. 60% Some dependency, can do most chores, but exceedingly slowly, with much effort. Errors, some chores impossible. 50% More dependent. Help with half: shower, etc. Difficulty with everything. 40% Very dependent. Can assistwith all chores, but do few alone. 30% With effort, now and then, does or begins a few chores alone. Much help needed. 20% Nothing alone. Cangive slight help with some chores. Severe invalid. 10% Totally dependent, helpless, complete invalid. 0% Vegetative functions such as swallowing, bladder and bowel functions are not functioning. Bedridden. Patients between severe mobility fluctuations may vary between 10% & 90%. For example, a patient in a good, or "on" period may be 75%, yet when bad or "off" period occurs, they may revert to a 25% level of functioning. * * * * * * The above, while helpful in some ways, is also a cold dose of reality. Sometimes we try to avoid, deny, the realities of the "slippery slope" that lies in the path of Parkinsonians. Maybe being reminded of the above informationwill help increase our motivation to pass the Udall bill! Camilla Flintermann,Cg for Peter,78/7 in July,Oxford,OH [log in to unmask]