May a simple Engineer - and readers of recent posting will know that nobody comes much simpler than that - throw his hat into the ring on this subject. The elements of any process plant control consist of:- a) A sensor to measure what is happening at a point in the system b) A transducer, which takes the information from the sensor, compares it with the required set point and initiates whatever corrective action is required to bring the system back to the set point c) A sufficiency of whatever is necessary to meet the requirements of the transducer. (c) Is what is missing in PWP, the dopamine manufacturing plant, wherever that is, falling down on its job. If for one reason or another, it can't be repaired, and brought up to scratch, the obvious solution is to provide dopamine from another source - Sinemet for example. Apart from the problem of it not being exactly the same as home produced dopamine, if the sensor tells the transducer that there is now an excess of dopamine, the transducer will tell the dopamine manufacturing plant that its services are no longer required, and please shut down. It is likely that the dopamine manufacturing plant, being biological in nature, will follow the general law, of " use it, or lose it" and start to atrophy. On this analogy I suggest that any treatment must aim at keeping the body's own resources working up to their capacities, and supplementary sources should only be sufficient to make up the shortfall. These will obviously have to be increased over time, as the home production plant continues to breakdown.. The clever bit of course, is knowing how to measure, or judge, how much to take. Ray ([log in to unmask])