Debbie, you asked: <<<are you relating low blood pressure to cramps?>>> my conjecture is that the neurotransmitter dopamine is not sufficient in some part of the autonomic neural network - when the muscle tensing starts. the fact that standing on one's head increases blood pressure in the head indicates that the blood flow into the brain somehow gets more dopamine to the necessary neuron(s) when the brain blood pressure is normal or high. the other ways to physically move blood out of the lower extremeties also reduce the blood pressure in the cramped muscle area/locus. I do not think the lowered pressure around the muscle is pertinent. the muscle tensing is not feeding back properly to the central nervous system the messages: this muscle is tensioned too much the bones are movedout of normal position there is pain normally pain signals for the muscle to relax but messge not so extreme pain - spasm - more pain toes are distorted, foot is twisted, stop this pain! the peripheral neural network may be not functioning normally - this may be due to the static/noise/overload of messages that the probe - sonic - used in the brain surgery monitoring of neural activity to find the locus in the pallidum (thalamus or sub-thalamus loci if lesion or stimulator implant are other than globus pallidum). the over-signalling is static so that the normal messages cannot be "heard" or transmitted when the electrical/chemical signalling activity is too "loud". you are all aware that having the strength and flexibility to take the toes in hand and physically return them to normal position - straightens the muscles as it lengthens them to normal range - and relieves the cramp. At times, I can do this with my hands. At times, I can use the counter-muscles enough to stand on tip-toes and walk or even hop to keep the spasm from occurring. A helper strong enough to pull and hold my foot in regular position will also relieve the spasm, but that luxury is not often available to me. And, when it hurts a lot, my temperament is not pleasant. My wife does not find it easy to sort agony-anger from being relevant to what she did or did not do blaming herself. She is so uncomfortable trying to overpower my strong muscles with her left side weakness from birthing injury - that I do not ask her to help. But, if the caretaker is strong, returning the toes and foot to normal positioning will counter the spasm - which is the major pain. Exercising to build up the weaker muscles that curl the toes up will help. If the foot-front is held up while walking, the muscles that are strengthened by that effort will allow me to straighten my own foot. I do not have dystonia with the right foot (Parkinsonian affected right side primarily). It is my left foot that gets into spasm now. -- ron 1936, dz PD 1984 Ridgecrest, California Ronald F. Vetter <[log in to unmask]> http://www.ridgecrest.ca.us/~rfvetter