Hi Marcy: Our election system, known as Canadian chaos, follows the British bumbling system, where a party riding high in the polls can call an election on whim, hoping the wave doesn't break too soon--as seems to have happened to the Liberals yesterday--though the wave held in Ontario to give the Liberals a bare majority. Since we don't have to take civics courses in Canada, most of us don't even know the answers to your hard questions about Canadian politics, but I seem to remember that a mandate can last no longer than 5 years. If the Liberals, elected last night, however, make a fatal blunder soon, they could be defeated and Canada could be up to 50% Internet access by this time next year! ------------------------------------------------------------------------- Henry A. Hubert | [log in to unmask] Department of English and Modern Languages . University College of the Cariboo | Ph. 250-828-5236 P.O. Box 3010 . FAX 250-371-5697 Kamloops, B. C. | V2C 5N3 . -------------------------------------------------------------------------