hi to dennis and mark how interesting that 'co-incidence' placed your messages 'side by each' in the digest! all of the studies and articles i've read have stated that between 40% and 50% of all parkies have cd partly due to the brain chemistry of pd itself i may be hyper aware of cd and its negative thinking due to my experience with it [my 'volkswagen' analogy] but i don't think there has been a blanket statement anywhere saying that pd means one 'automatically' has cd *** warning *** tangent ahead *** warning it's interesting to me, particularly, as a female of the species, that whenever i have posted information about cd the responses i have received have been 99.9% positive and reinforcing and 98% from women this tends to confirm my own conviction that the brain-washing/staining of our modern society, as a broad generalization, has traditionally placed 'emotional' responsibilities on women and 'action' responsibilities on men which, to my way of thinking, has tended to produce women who are more comfortable dealing with emotion than action/assertiveness and men who are more comfortable dealing with action/assertiveness than emotion when i put this together with theories like deborah tannen's studies on communication [again, as a 'broad brush' generalization] in re women feeling a primary need to connect and men feeling a primary need to maintain status i am amazed that we as men and women can break through this 'cultural' barrier at all i equate it to arguing/discussing the colour of the same yellow sun when women, wearing rose tinted glasses, are 'seeing' orange and men, wearing blue tinted glasses, are 'seeing' green your cyber-sis in theorizing janet janet [log in to unmask]