>List, I have approached Parkinson's disease in a different manner, than >most physicians. What I have looked at is breaking Parkinson's disease >down into smaller parts. He had symptoms that may or may not be related >to the disease, but I took each one apart separately and began, >hopefully the best treatment. Blood, hair, and urine was used to >identify any deficiencies and these were treated accordingly with >back up testing. Hi Linda, In our research group, we took the approach that there were PD symptoms, PD-related side effects, and PD medication-related side effects. The PD gross symptoms of PD are akinesia ("freezing"), bradykinesia (slowness of movement), and dyskinesia (inappropriate involuntary movement, including chorea - dance like movements - , trembling, "restless legs", etc.) But PD also affects the central nervous system, and can cause digestive upsets, constipation, inappropriate sweating or shivering, circulatory problems, etc. These may be said to be PD-related side-effects. Medications can cause hypotension (low blood pressure), anxiety, depression, dry mouth, giddiness, sleeplessness, etc. <Phew> Of course, not everyone gets all of the side effects (just as well, eh?) There are two things PWPs and carers must look out for: 1. Ignoring a symptom of a non-PD disorder as being "just another PD side-effect", when it may indicate some problem requiring further medical attention, and 2. Treating a PD-related side-effect in isolation from PD, without any correlation of medications, as though it were an unrelated, separate disorder. Both can be dangerous. PWPs, primary carer, and all health-care givers should be aware of the PWPs individual needs, manifest symptoms, medications, and side-effects. Jim 59/13 [log in to unmask]