Marling's recent postings remind me that the list membership (at least the active communicators) constantly changes, with continual influx of newly diagnosed and naive members. So some of our earlier discussion bears repeating: Virtually all prescription drugs, including those for PD, have various unpleasant or dangerous side effects, which also vary widely from patient to patient. Some people may have no side effect at all from a given drug, but are absolutely intolerant of another, while other patients have exactly the opposite esperience. That's why the drugs are reserved for prescription by presumably qualified doctors, and why the smart ones will start with small cautious dosage at first. Some drugs, such as Sinemet, are thought to have long-delayed side effects (e.g., dyskinesia) which only appear after years of use. Opinion is divided about this, but for those PWP who suffer dyskinesia, there is no doubt. That's why some (not all) doctors are frugal with Sinemet, sometimes withholding it altogether until nothing else works. On the other side are doctors who feel, if Sinemet is so effective, why not enjoy its benefits immediately? Regarding distinction of PD (the standard variety caused by loss of dopamine-producing nerve cells in the substantia nigra) from other neurodegenerative diseases, there are a number of those which are hard at first to tell apart. A lot of research has been and is being done, and as knowledge improves, new clues to diagnosis continually appear in the scientific journals. The trouble with Parkinson's is that sometimes onset is so insidious that it may be years before symptoms are noticed, even though in retrospect they were clear enough. IMOHO, I believe that the predisposition is present from infancy, and if doctors knew what to look for, they could see it. For a good, if somewhat dated, introduction to differential diagnosis, write to Dr. Joseph Jankovic Baylor University Houston, TX for a reprint of his and Dr. Stacy's article in Neurologic Clinics 1992;10:341-359, or for a much shorter digest, ask John Cottingham of this list for my posting a couple of years ago, Is It Really PD? from the list archives. Cheers, Joe J. R. Bruman (818) 789-3694 3527 Cody Road Sherman Oaks, CA 91403-5013