Good Morning Jane, you wrote: > I am still having a hard time understanding what you are saying. It is rather confusing, so perhaps the following excerpt from the company's press release will help... Monday April 27, 1998 Company Press Release SOURCE: Medtronic, Inc. Breakthrough Therapy from Medtronic Provides Freedom and Independence from the Major Disabling Symptoms of Parkinson's Disease MINNEAPOLIS, April 27 /PRNewswire/ -- Medtronic, Inc. (NYSE: MDT - news), today announced the European commercial release (CE Mark approval) of the most significant advance in the treatment of disabling Parkinson's disease in more than 30 years. The new therapy, Activa(TM) Parkinson's Control Therapy, involves mild electrical stimulation deep within the brain and may provide Parkinson's sufferers relief from the most profound symptoms of the disease and the serious side effects induced by medications. Activa Parkinson's Control Therapy builds on the success of the Medtronic Activa(TM) Tremor Control Therapy, which is now used worldwide and involves mild electrical stimulation of the thalamus to control Essential Tremor and tremor associated with Parkinson's disease. The new treatment involves stimulation of the globus pallidus or the subthalamic regions of the brain to control the major symptoms of Parkinson's -- rigidity (stiffness or inflexibility of the limbs and joints), bradykinesia/akinesia (slowness or absence of movement), postural instability (impaired balance and coordination), in addition to tremor (involuntary rhythmic shaking). Parkinson's Control Therapy is also effective in controlling dyskinesias (abnormal, involuntary movement), a side effect associated with antiparkinsonian drug therapy. <snip> Also, the Medtronic web site provides a lot of interesting reading... http://www.medtronic.com/ Judith -- Judith Richards, London, Ontario, Canada [log in to unmask]