This is an emotionally difficult subject, but for those interested in a more detailed understanding of how Lang & Lozano* concluded that mortality among PWPs is two to five times as high as age-matched controls resulting in a marked reduction in life expectancy among PWPs, Lang & Lozano offer the following references: 1. Bennett DA, Beckett LA, Murray AM, et al. Prevalence of parkinsonian signs and associated mortality in a community population of older people. N Eng J Med 1996;334:71-6. 2. Morens DAM, Davis JW, Grandinetti A, Ross GW, Popper JS, White LR. Epidemiological observations on Parkinson's Disease: incidence and mortality in a prospective study of middle-aged men. Neurology 1996; 46:1044-50. 3. Louis ED, Marder K, Cote L, Tang M, Mayeux R. Mortality from Parkinson's disease. Arch Neurol 1997;54-4. *Lang AE and Lozano AM. Parkinson's disease: first of two parts. N Eng J Med 1998;339(15):1044-51. Bob Johnson 53/52/48 [log in to unmask] Holbrook, MA, USA