Glutathione Reductase deficiency or GR red is involved with all forms of parkinson's syndromes including low levels of glutathione, low vitamin E, low vitamin C, low phosphorylated B vitamins, increased superoxide dismutase mangangese, High manganese gives you PD, low P450, which effects many drugs including antihypertensives, low NADP-ferridoxin reductase destroyed by herbicides, low ubiquitin oxidoreductase, it blocks inhibition of adenylate cyclase just like pertussis, it prevents decarboxylation of dopa to dopamine. It prevents chelation of all free metals, increases PIP2 and causes depression, increases intracellular calcium, which can cause kidney stones, decreases leukotrienes, causing skin diseases like seborrhea dermatitis and psoriasis, causes the inability to break down fatty acids, decreases the effectiveness of insulin receptors and can bring on adult onset diabetes, it increases T-cells, histamine, IgE cells, increases cyclooxygenase and inflammation effected by NSAID meds that exacerbate PD. It can be partially made by the malarial parasite plasmodium falciparum. Do you know any drug company trying this treatment for parkinsons? [log in to unmask]