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Teresa wrote: > Dystonia is an abnormality in muscle tone. In my mother's case she suffers Dystonia has little to do with muscles other than the fact that the muscles are affected. The cause of dystonia is "central", an imbalance between the excitatory and inhibitory motor systems within the brain. With a few exceptions, the treatment of dystonia is in the brain; i.e., surgery on the brain or drugs which affect the brain. There is some promise with locally injected agents such as Botulinus toxin, which selectively paralyzes muscles and can reduce the dystonia. This has to be done carefully and is also fairly new. Best, Bob *********************************** ROBERT A. FINK, M. D., F.A.C.S. Neurological Surgery 2500 Milvia Street Suite 222 Berkeley, CA 94704-2636 USA Phone: (510) 849-2555 FAX: (510) 849-2557 WWW: <http://www.dovecom.com/rafink/> mailto:[log in to unmask] "Ex Tristitia Virtus" ***********************************