Jules, very briefly - hopefully not too bluntly - the diaphragmic breathing learning is probably one of the things we should be told to exercise frequently. I trnow to do more of it when my cognition of being short of oxygen becomes conscious. when we walk - wife and i - or stroll if that is the best speed i can muster, we generally go level then up hill for a five blocks ? portion, then level, then downhil to the house again. when the wind is strong - not such that we shorten the walk - that uphill effort gives me lack of oxygen. if i have been doing some diaphragm breathing, the difficulty is less. in brief, we need to use it or lose it. there is a little about breathing in one of the 12 NPF videotapes (25 minute interview format videos now about 3 years out of date/age). hope this helps. it is tough to breathe well with less and less muscle strength and access (conscious control or using the diaphragm). -- Ron Vetter 1936, '84 PD dz mailto:[log in to unmask] http://www.ridgecrest.ca.us/~rfvetter