Hi all, Very interesting posts thanks Hans and Charles. The human body never ceases to amaze me. Just when we think we get a bit of a handle on its workings, up turns a whole new(for me) fascinating angle of looking at it. >Gastrointestinal effects of PD attributable to the enteric system's >involvement in the disease include reflux, delayed gastric >emptying, and decreased motility. Swallowing difficulties and >constipation, which have aspects falling under both voluntary and >involuntary control, may be the result of PD in both the brain and >the ENS. Since it appears that the dopamine produced in the Enteric Nervous System is largely responsible for the functioning of the gastro-intestinal tract: Does this mean that DBS does not affect this? Has anyone on the list who has DBS noticed any difference in gastrointestinal effects? I am particularly interested to hear if constipation has eased after DBS. Anyone care to comment? Erika. BTW has anyone heard from Janet? I miss her and hope she is well.