?find ondansetron
      S2 863 ONDANSETRON
 
?find s2 and parkinson
             863 S2
           10924 PARKINSON
      S3 4 S2 AND PARKINSON
 
?type s3/l/all
 
 3/L/1
DIALOG(R)File 154:MEDLINE(R)
(c) format only 1995 Knight-Ridder Info. All rts. reserv.
 
09246970 95176970
  Parkinson's disease: drug-induced psychiatric states.
  Factor SA; Molho ES; Podskalny GD; Brown D
  Albany Medical College, Department of Neurology, New York 12208.
  Adv Neurol (UNITED STATES) 1995, 65 p115-38, ISSN 0091-3952
Journal Code: 2NX
  Languages: ENGLISH
  Document type: JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW, ACADEMIC
  JOURNAL ANNOUNCEMENT: 9506
  Subfile: INDEX MEDICUS
  Drug-induced psychiatric states occur frequently in PD. In the
prelevodopa era, depression and other psychiatric disorders were described
in PD, but in untreated patients psychosis was rare. Since the development
of levodopa and other pharmacological treatments for PD, however, psychotic
symptoms have become much more common (10-50%). In some individuals these
problems can be more disabling than the motor features of PD and, as a
result, pose a serious threat to the patient's ability to maintain
independence. The drug-induced psychoses consist of several distinct
psychiatric syndromes that can be divided broadly into those occurring on a
background of a clear sensorium and those which are accompanied by
confusion and clouding of consciousness. Benign organic hallucinosis is the
most common of these syndromes (30%). It usually occurs on a background of
a clear sensorium and may not be a particularly troublesome problem if the
patient is able to retain insight into the nature of these symptoms. More
disabling syndromes usually include delusional thinking that is frequently
paranoid, confusion and even frank delirium. Although all these psychotic
syndromes can occur in isolation, there is a tendency for mild symptoms to
progress to more disabling ones if adequate and timely treatment is not
instituted. Abnormal dreaming and sleep disruption often precede these
difficulties by weeks to months and may provide an important early clue to
their onset. The mechanisms responsible for drug-induced psychotic symptoms
in PD are unknown, but dopaminergic (especially mesolimbic) and
serotoninergic systems are likely to be involved. The treatment of the
drug-induced psychoses in PD should be undertaken in a stepwise manner. A
detailed discussion of this approach, including the use of anti-PD
medication adjustment, clozapine, and other medications (neuroleptic and
nonneuroleptic) and ECT is provided (see Fig. 1). Although drug-induced
psychoses are the most important of the drug-induced psychiatric states,
mania, anxiety, and hypersexuality may also occur. Depression is also
common in PD, but it is unlikely to occur as a side effect of
antiparkinsonian medications. (150 Refs.)
  Tags: Case Report; Human; Male; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  Descriptors: *Levodopa--Adverse Effects--AE; *Parkinson Disease--Drug
Therapy--DT; *Psychoses, Substance-Induced--Etiology--ET; Aged; Anxiety
--Etiology--ET; Clozapine--Adverse Effects--AE; Clozapine--Therapeutic Use
--TU; Depression--Etiology--ET; Electroconvulsive Therapy; Lisuride
--Analogs and Derivatives--AA; Manic Disorder--Etiology--ET; Ondansetron
--Therapeutic Use--TU; Parkinson Disease--Complications--CO; Parkinson
Disease--Psychology--PX; Psychoses, Substance-Induced--Psychology--PX;
 Psychoses, Substance-Induced--Therapy--TH; Psychosexual Dysfunctions
--Etiology--ET
  CAS Registry No.: 0 (Levodopa); 18016-80-3 (Lisuride); 37686-84-3
 (dironyl); 5786-21-0 (Clozapine); 99614-02-5 (Ondansetron)
 
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DIALOG(R)File 154:MEDLINE(R)
(c) format only 1995 Knight-Ridder Info. All rts. reserv.
 
09138828 95068828
  [Ondansetron versus droperidol. Postoperative treatment against nausea
and vomiting. Comparison of action, adverse effects and acceptance by
gynecologic inpatients]
  Ondansetron versus Droperidol. Postoperativer therapeutischer Einsatz bei
Nausea und Erbrechen. Vergleich von Wirkung, Nebenwirkungen und Akzeptanz
bei gynakologischen, stationaren Patientinnen.
  Heim C; Munzer T; Listyo R
  Institut fur Anasthesiologie, Kantonsspital St. Gallen.
  Anaesthesist (GERMANY) Aug 1994, 43 (8) p504-9, ISSN 0003-2417
Journal Code: 4MY
  Languages: GERMAN Summary Languages: ENGLISH
  Document type: CLINICAL TRIAL; JOURNAL ARTICLE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED
TRIAL English Abstract
  JOURNAL ANNOUNCEMENT: 9502
  Subfile: INDEX MEDICUS
  INTRODUCTION. Ondansetron is more effective than a placebo in treating
postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), but it has not been proved to be
superior to established antiemetics for prophylaxis or therapy. We compared
ondansetron vs droperidol for the treatment of PONV. METHODS. Our
prospective, randomized double-blind study was performed between 15 October
1992 and July 1993; it included 271 gynaecological ASA I-III inpatients who
had been operated on under general anaesthesia with intubation. Patients
were excluded if: there was no informed consent; it was an ambulatory or
emergency operation; the patient was pregnant or breast feeding; allergies
were being treated with antihistamines; drug addiction was present or
convulsions or Parkinson's disease; any pre- or intraoperative antiemetic
medication had been administered. All patients wishing an antiemetic and/or
suffering from at least one emetic episode during the first 24 h
postoperatively received either 8 mg ondansetron or 1.25 mg droperidol from
identical 4 ml ampoules intravenously. The verbal nausea score (1 = none, 2
= mild, 3 = moderate, 4 = severe) was recorded every 30 min for 4 h, then
before and 2 h after each antiemetic dose. All emetic episodes and the
interval between administration and effect were also noted. Patients were
interviewed 36-48 h postoperatively on subjective effects, side-effects and
individual acceptance. After oral premedication with diazepam, anaesthesia
was induced with thiopental, in a few cases with etomidate or propofol.
Relaxation was achieved with pancuronium or atracurium and, when indicated,
with succinylcholine. Muscular relaxation was antagonized with neostigmine
and glycopyrrolate. Gastric content was aspirated once after intubation.
Anaesthesia was maintained with nitrous oxide/oxygen, enflurane, halothane
or isoflurane and fentanyl up to 0.3 mg. Statistical evaluation was
performed by the unpaired Student's t-test and the Mann-Whitney U test.
Categoric variables were examined by the chi 2 test. Significance was
defined as P < 0.05. RESULTS. Of 271 patients, 100 (37%) experienced PONV.
The groups were statistically comparable with respect to demographic data,
type and duration of operation, emesis record, perioperative uterotonic
medication. Twenty patients in the ondansetron group and 27 in the
droperidol group received the first antiemetic within 2 h, the other
patients up to 17 h after extubation. Nausea scores and emetic episodes
were identical before antiemetic medication. The reduction of these
parameters after medication was similar. Complete response over 6 h was 60%
in the ondansetron and 68% in the droperidol group. In both groups the
first medication failed in 4 cases during the initial 2 h. Twenty of the
ondansetron and 16 of the droperidol patients needed a second dose; among
these 2 and 4, respectively, a third ampoule. No rescue medication was
necessary over 24 h and a mean of 1.4 ampoules was administered in both
groups. Onset and quality of emetic action were identical in both groups.
It was not possible to evaluate 25 interviews due to linguistic or amnestic
problems. Multiple side-effects were noted frequently. Injection pain was
reported significantly more often in the droperidol, pruritus in the
ondansetron group. Ninety-three percent of the ondansetron and 85% of the
droperidol patients opted for the same drug for future PONV treatment.
CONCLUSIONS. Ondansetron (8 mg) and droperidol (1.25 mg) proved to be
equally effective when used as a postoperative antiemetic. Both drugs
showed similar side-effects. Due to differences in methods it was difficult
to compare our results to those obtained in other studies.
  Tags: Comparative Study; Female; Human
  Descriptors: *Droperidol--Therapeutic Use--TU; *Nausea--Drug Therapy--DT;
*Ondansetron--Therapeutic Use--TU; *Postoperative Complications --Drug
Therapy--DT; *Vomiting--Drug Therapy--DT; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over;
Double-Blind Method; Droperidol--Adverse Effects--AE; Genitalia, Female
--Surgery--SU; Middle Age; Ondansetron--Adverse Effects--AE; Patient
Acceptance of Health Care; Prospective Studies
  CAS Registry No.: 548-73-2 (Droperidol); 99614-02-5 (Ondansetron)
 
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08759588 94074588
  Reduced levels of 5-HT3 receptor recognition sites in the putamen of
patients with Huntington's disease.
  Steward LJ; Bufton KE; Hopkins PC; Davies WE; Barnes NM
  Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, University of Birmingham,
Edgbaston, UK.
  Eur J Pharmacol (NETHERLANDS) Sep 28 1993, 242 (2) p137-43, ISSN
0014-2999 Journal Code: EN6
  Languages: ENGLISH
  Document type: JOURNAL ARTICLE
  JOURNAL ANNOUNCEMENT: 9403
  Subfile: INDEX MEDICUS
  The present study assessed 5-HT3 receptor recognition site levels in
homogenates of putamen derived from patients with clinically and
neurochemically diagnosed Huntington's disease or Parkinson's disease and
those from age-, sex- and post-mortem delay-matched neurologically and
psychiatrically normal patients to investigate the cellular location of
5-HT3 receptors in the human putamen. Specific [3H]granisetron (0.91 nM)
binding (defined by ondansetron, 10 microM) was significantly reduced in
putamen homogenates from eight out of ten patients with Huntington's
disease compared to similar homogenates from 'control' patients (72 +/- 6
and 39 +/- 8 fmol/g wet weight, mean +/- S.E.M., n = 10 and 8, tissue from
'control' and Huntington's disease patients, respectively, P = 0.004). In
contrast, specific [3H]granisetron (1.04 nM) binding levels were similar in
putamen homogenates from patients with Parkinson's disease when compared to
homogenates from 'control' patients. The present results indicate that at
least a proportion of the 5-HT3 receptor population in the human putamen is
located on neurones that have their cell bodies within this brain region
and that these receptors are not primarily located on dopamine neurone
terminals in the human putamen.
  Tags: Comparative Study; Female; Human; Male
  Descriptors: *Dopamine--Metabolism--ME; *Huntington's Disease--Metabolism
--ME; *Neurons--Metabolism--ME; *Parkinson Disease--Metabolism--ME;
*Putamen--Metabolism--ME; *Receptors, Serotonin--Metabolism--ME; Reference
Values
  CAS Registry No.: 0 (Receptors, Serotonin); 51-61-6 (Dopamine)
 
 3/L/4
DIALOG(R)File 154:MEDLINE(R)
(c) format only 1995 Knight-Ridder Info. All rts. reserv.
 
08462842 93172842
  Ondansetron for hallucinosis in advanced Parkinson's disease [letter]
  Zoldan J; Friedberg G; Goldberg-Stern H; Melamed E
  Lancet (ENGLAND) Feb 27 1993, 341 (8844) p562-3, ISSN 0140-6736
Journal Code: L0S
  Languages: ENGLISH
  Document type: CLINICAL TRIAL; LETTER
  JOURNAL ANNOUNCEMENT: 9305
  Subfile: AIM; INDEX MEDICUS
  Tags: Female; Human; Male
  Descriptors: *Hallucinations--Drug Therapy--DT; *Ondansetron--Therapeutic
Use--TU; *Parkinson Disease--Psychology--PX; Aged; Hallucinations--Etiology
--ET; Middle Age
  CAS Registry No.: 99614-02-5 (Ondansetron)
 
 
 
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