?find ondansetron
      S2     863  ONDANSETRON
 
?find s2 and parkinson
             863  S2
           10924  PARKINSON
      S3       4  S2 AND PARKINSON
 
?type s3/l/all
 
 3/L/1
DIALOG(R)File 154:MEDLINE(R)
(c) format only 1995 Knight-Ridder Info. All rts. reserv.
 
09246970   95176970
  Parkinson's disease: drug-induced psychiatric states.
  Factor SA; Molho ES; Podskalny GD; Brown D
  Albany Medical College, Department of Neurology, New York 12208.
  Adv Neurol (UNITED STATES)   1995,  65 p115-38,  ISSN 0091-3952
Journal Code: 2NX
  Languages: ENGLISH
  Document type: JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW, ACADEMIC
  JOURNAL ANNOUNCEMENT: 9506
  Subfile:   INDEX MEDICUS
  Drug-induced   psychiatric   states   occur  frequently  in  PD.  In  the
prelevodopa  era, depression and other psychiatric disorders were described
in  PD, but in untreated patients psychosis was rare. Since the development
of levodopa and other pharmacological treatments for PD, however, psychotic
symptoms  have  become much more common (10-50%). In some individuals these
problems  can  be  more  disabling  than the motor features of PD and, as a
result,  pose  a  serious  threat  to  the  patient's  ability  to maintain
independence.  The  drug-induced  psychoses  consist  of  several  distinct
psychiatric syndromes that can be divided broadly into those occurring on a
background  of  a  clear  sensorium  and  those  which  are  accompanied by
confusion and clouding of consciousness. Benign organic hallucinosis is the
most  common of these syndromes (30%). It usually occurs on a background of
a  clear sensorium and may not be a particularly troublesome problem if the
patient  is  able to retain insight into the nature of these symptoms. More
disabling  syndromes usually include delusional thinking that is frequently
paranoid,  confusion  and even frank delirium. Although all these psychotic
syndromes  can occur in isolation, there is a tendency for mild symptoms to
progress  to  more  disabling  ones if adequate and timely treatment is not
instituted.  Abnormal  dreaming  and  sleep  disruption often precede these
difficulties  by weeks to months and may provide an important early clue to
their onset. The mechanisms responsible for drug-induced psychotic symptoms
in   PD   are   unknown,   but  dopaminergic  (especially  mesolimbic)  and
serotoninergic  systems  are  likely  to  be involved. The treatment of the
drug-induced  psychoses  in PD should be undertaken in a stepwise manner. A
detailed  discussion  of  this  approach,  including  the  use  of  anti-PD
medication  adjustment,  clozapine,  and other medications (neuroleptic and
nonneuroleptic)  and  ECT  is  provided (see Fig. 1). Although drug-induced
psychoses  are  the  most important of the drug-induced psychiatric states,
mania,  anxiety,  and  hypersexuality  may  also  occur. Depression is also
common   in  PD,  but  it  is  unlikely  to  occur  as  a  side  effect  of
antiparkinsonian medications.  (150 Refs.)
  Tags: Case Report; Human; Male; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  Descriptors:  *Levodopa--Adverse  Effects--AE;  *Parkinson  Disease--Drug
Therapy--DT;  *Psychoses,  Substance-Induced--Etiology--ET;  Aged;  Anxiety
--Etiology--ET; Clozapine--Adverse Effects--AE;  Clozapine--Therapeutic Use
--TU;   Depression--Etiology--ET;   Electroconvulsive   Therapy;   Lisuride
--Analogs  and  Derivatives--AA;  Manic Disorder--Etiology--ET; Ondansetron
--Therapeutic  Use--TU;  Parkinson  Disease--Complications--CO;   Parkinson
Disease--Psychology--PX;    Psychoses,   Substance-Induced--Psychology--PX;
 Psychoses,   Substance-Induced--Therapy--TH;   Psychosexual   Dysfunctions
--Etiology--ET
  CAS  Registry  No.:  0    (Levodopa); 18016-80-3   (Lisuride); 37686-84-3
 (dironyl); 5786-21-0   (Clozapine); 99614-02-5   (Ondansetron)
 
 3/L/2
DIALOG(R)File 154:MEDLINE(R)
(c) format only 1995 Knight-Ridder Info. All rts. reserv.
 
09138828   95068828
  [Ondansetron  versus  droperidol.  Postoperative treatment against nausea
and  vomiting.  Comparison  of  action,  adverse  effects and acceptance by
gynecologic inpatients]
  Ondansetron versus Droperidol. Postoperativer therapeutischer Einsatz bei
Nausea  und  Erbrechen. Vergleich von Wirkung, Nebenwirkungen und Akzeptanz
bei gynakologischen, stationaren Patientinnen.
  Heim C; Munzer T; Listyo R
  Institut fur Anasthesiologie, Kantonsspital St. Gallen.
  Anaesthesist (GERMANY)   Aug 1994,  43 (8) p504-9,  ISSN 0003-2417
Journal Code: 4MY
  Languages: GERMAN   Summary Languages: ENGLISH
  Document  type:  CLINICAL  TRIAL;  JOURNAL ARTICLE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED
TRIAL   English Abstract
  JOURNAL ANNOUNCEMENT: 9502
  Subfile:   INDEX MEDICUS
  INTRODUCTION.  Ondansetron  is  more effective than a placebo in treating
postoperative  nausea and vomiting (PONV), but it has not been proved to be
superior to established antiemetics for prophylaxis or therapy. We compared
ondansetron   vs  droperidol  for  the  treatment  of  PONV.  METHODS.  Our
prospective, randomized double-blind study was performed between 15 October
1992 and July 1993; it included 271 gynaecological ASA I-III inpatients who
had  been  operated  on under general anaesthesia with intubation. Patients
were  excluded  if:  there was no informed consent; it was an ambulatory or
emergency  operation; the patient was pregnant or breast feeding; allergies
were  being  treated  with  antihistamines;  drug  addiction was present or
convulsions  or  Parkinson's disease; any pre- or intraoperative antiemetic
medication had been administered. All patients wishing an antiemetic and/or
suffering  from  at  least  one  emetic  episode  during  the  first  24  h
postoperatively received either 8 mg ondansetron or 1.25 mg droperidol from
identical 4 ml ampoules intravenously. The verbal nausea score (1 = none, 2
=  mild,  3 = moderate, 4 = severe) was recorded every 30 min for 4 h, then
before  and  2  h  after  each antiemetic dose. All emetic episodes and the
interval  between  administration and effect were also noted. Patients were
interviewed 36-48 h postoperatively on subjective effects, side-effects and
individual  acceptance. After oral premedication with diazepam, anaesthesia
was  induced  with  thiopental,  in a few cases with etomidate or propofol.
Relaxation was achieved with pancuronium or atracurium and, when indicated,
with  succinylcholine. Muscular relaxation was antagonized with neostigmine
and  glycopyrrolate.  Gastric  content was aspirated once after intubation.
Anaesthesia  was maintained with nitrous oxide/oxygen, enflurane, halothane
or  isoflurane  and  fentanyl  up  to  0.3  mg.  Statistical evaluation was
performed  by  the  unpaired  Student's t-test and the Mann-Whitney U test.
Categoric  variables  were  examined  by  the  chi 2 test. Significance was
defined  as P < 0.05. RESULTS. Of 271 patients, 100 (37%) experienced PONV.
The  groups were statistically comparable with respect to demographic data,
type  and  duration  of  operation, emesis record, perioperative uterotonic
medication.  Twenty  patients  in  the  ondansetron  group  and  27  in the
droperidol  group  received  the  first  antiemetic  within  2 h, the other
patients  up  to  17  h after extubation. Nausea scores and emetic episodes
were  identical  before  antiemetic  medication.  The  reduction  of  these
parameters after medication was similar. Complete response over 6 h was 60%
in  the  ondansetron  and  68%  in the droperidol group. In both groups the
first  medication  failed  in 4 cases during the initial 2 h. Twenty of the
ondansetron  and  16 of the droperidol patients needed a second dose; among
these  2  and  4,  respectively,  a third ampoule. No rescue medication was
necessary  over  24  h  and a mean of 1.4 ampoules was administered in both
groups.  Onset  and quality of emetic action were identical in both groups.
It was not possible to evaluate 25 interviews due to linguistic or amnestic
problems.  Multiple  side-effects were noted frequently. Injection pain was
reported  significantly  more  often  in  the  droperidol,  pruritus in the
ondansetron  group.  Ninety-three percent of the ondansetron and 85% of the
droperidol  patients  opted  for  the  same drug for future PONV treatment.
CONCLUSIONS.  Ondansetron  (8  mg)  and  droperidol  (1.25 mg) proved to be
equally  effective  when  used  as  a  postoperative antiemetic. Both drugs
showed similar side-effects. Due to differences in methods it was difficult
to compare our results to those obtained in other studies.
  Tags: Comparative Study; Female; Human
  Descriptors: *Droperidol--Therapeutic Use--TU; *Nausea--Drug Therapy--DT;
*Ondansetron--Therapeutic   Use--TU;   *Postoperative  Complications --Drug
Therapy--DT;  *Vomiting--Drug  Therapy--DT; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over;
Double-Blind  Method;  Droperidol--Adverse  Effects--AE;  Genitalia, Female
--Surgery--SU;   Middle   Age;  Ondansetron--Adverse  Effects--AE;  Patient
Acceptance of Health Care; Prospective Studies
  CAS Registry No.: 548-73-2   (Droperidol); 99614-02-5   (Ondansetron)
 
 3/L/3
DIALOG(R)File 154:MEDLINE(R)
(c) format only 1995 Knight-Ridder Info. All rts. reserv.
 
08759588   94074588
  Reduced  levels  of  5-HT3  receptor  recognition sites in the putamen of
patients with Huntington's disease.
  Steward LJ; Bufton KE; Hopkins PC; Davies WE; Barnes NM
  Department  of  Pharmacology,  Medical  School, University of Birmingham,
Edgbaston, UK.
  Eur  J  Pharmacol (NETHERLANDS)   Sep  28  1993,  242  (2) p137-43,  ISSN
0014-2999   Journal Code: EN6
  Languages: ENGLISH
  Document type: JOURNAL ARTICLE
  JOURNAL ANNOUNCEMENT: 9403
  Subfile:   INDEX MEDICUS
  The  present  study  assessed  5-HT3  receptor recognition site levels in
homogenates   of   putamen   derived  from  patients  with  clinically  and
neurochemically  diagnosed  Huntington's disease or Parkinson's disease and
those  from  age-,  sex-  and  post-mortem delay-matched neurologically and
psychiatrically  normal  patients  to  investigate the cellular location of
5-HT3  receptors  in  the human putamen. Specific [3H]granisetron (0.91 nM)
binding  (defined  by  ondansetron, 10 microM) was significantly reduced in
putamen  homogenates  from  eight  out  of  ten  patients with Huntington's
disease  compared  to similar homogenates from 'control' patients (72 +/- 6
and  39 +/- 8 fmol/g wet weight, mean +/- S.E.M., n = 10 and 8, tissue from
'control'  and  Huntington's disease patients, respectively, P = 0.004). In
contrast, specific [3H]granisetron (1.04 nM) binding levels were similar in
putamen homogenates from patients with Parkinson's disease when compared to
homogenates  from  'control' patients. The present results indicate that at
least a proportion of the 5-HT3 receptor population in the human putamen is
located  on  neurones  that have their cell bodies within this brain region
and  that  these  receptors  are  not primarily located on dopamine neurone
terminals in the human putamen.
  Tags: Comparative Study; Female; Human; Male
  Descriptors: *Dopamine--Metabolism--ME; *Huntington's Disease--Metabolism
--ME;    *Neurons--Metabolism--ME;    *Parkinson   Disease--Metabolism--ME;
*Putamen--Metabolism--ME;  *Receptors, Serotonin--Metabolism--ME; Reference
Values
  CAS Registry No.: 0   (Receptors, Serotonin); 51-61-6   (Dopamine)
 
 3/L/4
DIALOG(R)File 154:MEDLINE(R)
(c) format only 1995 Knight-Ridder Info. All rts. reserv.
 
08462842   93172842
  Ondansetron for hallucinosis in advanced Parkinson's disease [letter]
  Zoldan J; Friedberg G; Goldberg-Stern H; Melamed E
  Lancet (ENGLAND)   Feb 27 1993,  341 (8844) p562-3,  ISSN 0140-6736
Journal Code: L0S
  Languages: ENGLISH
  Document type: CLINICAL TRIAL; LETTER
  JOURNAL ANNOUNCEMENT: 9305
  Subfile:   AIM; INDEX MEDICUS
  Tags: Female; Human; Male
  Descriptors: *Hallucinations--Drug Therapy--DT; *Ondansetron--Therapeutic
Use--TU; *Parkinson Disease--Psychology--PX; Aged; Hallucinations--Etiology
--ET; Middle Age
  CAS Registry No.: 99614-02-5   (Ondansetron)
 
 
 
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